A Deep-Sea Delicacy from Madeira
Fishing has played a key role in Madeira’s history since the arrival of the first settlers in the 15th century. Among the island’s most iconic catches is the black scabbard fish (Aphanopus carbo and Aphanopus intermedius), a species that is not only culturally significant but also economically vital.
The first documented records of black scabbard fishing date back to the 17th century. Today, this fish represents around 30–40% of Madeira’s total catches, highlighting its importance to the local fishing industry.
Despite its unusual appearance — long, black, eel-like body (about one metre in length), fang-like teeth, large eyes, no scales and shiny skin — the black scabbardfish is highly prized for its tender texture and delicate flavour. There is also a white scabbardfish variety, but it is less commonly consumed and considered inferior in taste.
How It’s Caught
Fishing for black scabbard fish in Madeira remains a traditional and artisanal activity. The gear, known as aparelho de espada or espinhel, is still prepared by hand. These longlines are set horizontally at depths of 800 to 1,300 metres, where the fish naturally dwell in the deep sea.
Madeiran fishing boats are typically small and wooden. Fishermen usually set out at dusk and remain at sea for several hours.
Biological and Ecological Facts
- Spawning period: September to December
- Reproduction: Up to 300,000 eggs per female
- Migration: Large-scale, clockwise movement throughout the Northeast Atlantic
- Diet: Blue whiting, cephalopods, crustaceans, and shrimp
Black Scabbardfish Gastronomic Fair – Câmara de Lobos
Every year, the picturesque bay of Câmara de Lobos hosts a gastronomic festival celebrating the black scabbardfish and honouring the local fishermen who catch it.
During the festival, visitors can taste a wide range of delicious black scabbardfish dishes at food stalls by the harbour. The event also features live music, traditional folk dances, and a vibrant fireworks display.
Common Names by Language
| Language | Common names |
| Portuguese | Peixe-espada-preta |
| English | Black scabbardfish |
| German | Degenfisch, schwarzer Degenfisch |
| French | Sabre, sabre noir |
| Spanish | Pez cinto, sable negro |
| Dutch | Zwarte degenvis, zwarte-kousenbandvis |
| Danish | Sort sabelfisk |
| Norwegian | Dolkfisk |
| Swedish | Dolkfisk |
Where to Try Black Scabbard fish in Madeira
You can discover and taste traditional scabbardfish dishes on several of our guided tours:
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Your local guide will gladly share more about this unique species and recommend the best restaurants in Madeira and Funchal for authentic culinary experiences.
Self-Driving in Madeira? Discover Local Specialities
Looking for typical dishes such as:
- Black scabbardfish with banana
- Scabbardfish in wine and garlic
- Scabbardfish with passion fruit sauce
If you’re driving in Madeira and want to find hidden gems that only locals know — places not listed on travel platforms — then the Madeira Travel Guide is your perfect companion. It includes everything you need: where to eat, what to do, and the best authentic restaurants across the island.
Don’t miss the opportunity to explore Madeira with insider knowledge.
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